STL vs. 3MF: Which Format to Choose for a 3D Model?

STL and 3MF are the two most commonly used file formats in 3D printing. The STL format stores only the part’s geometry using triangles, while the 3MF format also stores color, materials, orientation, and print parameters in a single file. Choosing one over the other affects file size, the risk of errors, and the ease of sharing a project. In this comparison, we analyze their differences, advantages, and limitations.

Although each additive manufacturing technology works differently, there is one stage common to all: computer-aided design (CAD). Once the 3D model is complete, it must be exported to a format that the slicer can interpret.

That’s where the options come in: OBJ, STL, PLY, 3MF, and many others. Two clearly dominate in real-world use: the veteran and universal STL, and the newer and much more comprehensive 3MF.