A Closer Look at 3D Printing Materials: Metals

Metal 3D printing is one of the fastest-growing advanced manufacturing technologies at industrial level. In fact, according to a report published by Grand View Research, the global market for this process was valued at $6.36 billion in 2022. What’s more, the sector is set to record a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 24.2% between now and 2030. This increase is due, in part, to the wide variety of materials that are compatible with this technology. Whether for 3D printers using powder-bed fusion, DED, EBM or even metal extrusion systems, the possibilities for these materials are virtually limitless. In this comprehensive guide, we present the metals most commonly used in 3D printing and the characteristics of each.

Aluminum

Aluminum offers an excellent combination of lightness and strength. As well as being corrosion-resistant, it can also be welded. Compared with steels, it is less resistant and more sensitive to high temperatures. It is mainly used in fields where weight is essential, such as mechanical parts for race cars, aerospace, bicycles, etc. It is rarely present in its pure state, and is more often found in alloy form with metals that improve its physical and mechanical properties, such as silicon and magnesium. A typical example is AISi10Mg aluminum, offered by German manufacturer EOS in powder form. With this material, it is possible to manufacture solid, complex parts.

Photo Credits: Laboratoires HRL, LLC

Aluminum Alloys

As mentioned, aluminum alloys are more commonly found than the pure form and are traditionally used in many industrial, aerospace and automotive applications. What’s more, they boast a high strength-to-weight ratio, as well as good resistance to metal loading and corrosion.